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விவாக ஹோமம் / विवाह होमम्
The sacred wedding fire ritual symbolizing the union of two souls witnessed by Agni (Fire God) and the divine pantheon.
What is Vivaha Homam?
Vivaha Homam is the central Vedic ritual in a Hindu wedding ceremony. It sanctifies the union of bride and groom, purifies the surroundings, and invites Agni Deva (Fire God) to be the divine witness to the marriage.
It includes sacred vows, mantras, and symbolic offerings made into the holy fire (Agni Kund).
Description
Purpose of Vivaha Homam
- To solemnize the sacred bond of marriage as per Vedic traditions
- To ensure a blessed, balanced, and virtuous married life
- To invoke divine energies to remove obstacles and grant progeny, prosperity, and peace
- To bind two families together in spiritual and emotional unity
Main Components of Vivaha Homam
| Ritual Segment | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Ganapathi Pooja | Removes all obstacles in marriage |
| Punyaha Vachanam | Purifies the place and couple |
| Kashi Yatra (symbolic) | Tests groom’s commitment to marriage |
| Kanyadaanam | Bride’s parents give her hand to groom |
| Mangalya Dharanam | Tying of the sacred thread by groom |
| Vivaha Homam | Sacred fire ritual where vows are exchanged |
| Saptapadi | Seven steps symbolizing shared duties and goals |
| Laja Homam | Bride’s participation in offering rice into fire |
| Pradhaana Homam | Final offerings to bless the union |
Key Features of Vivaha Homam
- Fire is the main witness (Agni Saakshi)
- Couple offers ghee, grains, and herbs into fire
- Mantras from Rig Veda & Yajur Veda are chanted
- Seven vows (Saptapadi) are made to each other
- Marks the transition of bride into Grihastha Ashrama (householder’s life)
Important Mantras Used
- Vivaha Sukta from Rig Veda
- Saptapadi Mantras – Each vow is for a specific aspect (food, strength, wealth, happiness, progeny, seasons, friendship)
- Laja Homam mantra – Offered by bride with her brother’s support
- Mangalyam mantra:
“Mangalyam tantunanena mama jeevana hetunā…”
When is it Performed?
Performed on an auspicious Muhurtham, chosen based on:
- Star alignment (nakshatra) of bride and groom
- Panchangam (Vedic calendar)
- Avoiding dosha days (like Rahu Kalam, Yamagandam)
Where is it Performed?
- At marriage halls, temples, or open mandapams
- The Homam is done at the center of the Mandapam (wedding canopy)
Vivaha Homam Benefits
- Grants divine protection and blessings to the couple
- Ensures peace, understanding, and long-lasting love
- Neutralizes any astrological doshas
- Spiritual upliftment of both families involved
- Marks a sacred new beginning in the couple’s life
Optional Add-on Homams in Marriage
| Homam | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Ganapathi Homam | Remove obstacles in married life |
| Navagraha Homam | Planetary blessings for marital harmony |
| Subramanya Homam | For progeny (children) |
| Durga / Lakshmi Homam | For strength and wealth in family |
| Rina Vimochana Homam | To start married life debt-free |
